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p(HBP:"4R tau")

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Entity

Name
4R tau
Namespace
HBP
Namespace Version
20190207
Namespace URL
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pharmacome/terminology/cf4d8bb88754f036b943b4d94ad96e103dcb7149/export/hbp-names.belns

Appears in Networks 7

Tau Protein Hyperphosphorylation and Aggregation in Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Tauopathies, and Possible Neuroprotective Strategies v1.0.0

Tau Biochemistry v1.2.5

Tau Biochemistry Section of NESTOR

Tau Modifications v1.9.5

Tau Modifications Sections of NESTOR

Axonal Transport, Tau Protein, and Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s Disease v1.0.0

Caenorhabditis elegans models of tauopathy v1.0.0

Carboxy terminus heat shock protein 70 interacting protein reduces tau-associated degenerative changes v1.0.0

Tau in physiology and pathology v1.0.0

In-Edges 31

path(HBP:"Argyrophilic Grain Disease") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

On the other side, sarkosyl extracts from the filaments of PSP [129], corticobasal degeneration (CBD; [130]), argyrophilic grain disease (AgD; [131]), and some cases of FTDP-17, contain tau protein that separates as doublets of 64 and 69 kDa and are predominantly composed of tau isoforms with 4R (class II tauopathies), whereas sarkosyl extracts from filaments of Pick’s disease are characterized by the presence of pathological tau doublets of 60 and 64 kDa and contain mainly 3R tau isoforms (class III tauopathy). PubMed:26751493

Appears in Networks:

path(HBP:"Corticobasal Degeneration") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

On the other side, sarkosyl extracts from the filaments of PSP [129], corticobasal degeneration (CBD; [130]), argyrophilic grain disease (AgD; [131]), and some cases of FTDP-17, contain tau protein that separates as doublets of 64 and 69 kDa and are predominantly composed of tau isoforms with 4R (class II tauopathies), whereas sarkosyl extracts from filaments of Pick’s disease are characterized by the presence of pathological tau doublets of 60 and 64 kDa and contain mainly 3R tau isoforms (class III tauopathy). PubMed:26751493

Appears in Networks:

path(MESH:"Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

On the other side, sarkosyl extracts from the filaments of PSP [129], corticobasal degeneration (CBD; [130]), argyrophilic grain disease (AgD; [131]), and some cases of FTDP-17, contain tau protein that separates as doublets of 64 and 69 kDa and are predominantly composed of tau isoforms with 4R (class II tauopathies), whereas sarkosyl extracts from filaments of Pick’s disease are characterized by the presence of pathological tau doublets of 60 and 64 kDa and contain mainly 3R tau isoforms (class III tauopathy). PubMed:26751493

Appears in Networks:

a(HBP:"Brodmann (1909) area 36") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

The RD3+/4- (red) fraction was consistently higher in EC and CA1, which was serially followed by CA2, CA3, and CA4. This trend was reversed with the RD3-/4+ (green) fraction, which was consistently highest in CA4, which was serially followed by CA3, CA2, CA1, and EC. PubMed:23407988

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Disease Ontology (DO)
Alzheimer's disease

a(HBP:"CA1 field of hippocampus") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

The RD3+/4- (red) fraction was consistently higher in EC and CA1, which was serially followed by CA2, CA3, and CA4. This trend was reversed with the RD3-/4+ (green) fraction, which was consistently highest in CA4, which was serially followed by CA3, CA2, CA1, and EC. PubMed:23407988

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Disease Ontology (DO)
Alzheimer's disease

a(HBP:"CA2 field of hippocampus") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

The RD3+/4- (red) fraction was consistently higher in EC and CA1, which was serially followed by CA2, CA3, and CA4. This trend was reversed with the RD3-/4+ (green) fraction, which was consistently highest in CA4, which was serially followed by CA3, CA2, CA1, and EC. PubMed:23407988

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Disease Ontology (DO)
Alzheimer's disease

a(HBP:"CA3 field of hippocampus") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

The RD3+/4- (red) fraction was consistently higher in EC and CA1, which was serially followed by CA2, CA3, and CA4. This trend was reversed with the RD3-/4+ (green) fraction, which was consistently highest in CA4, which was serially followed by CA3, CA2, CA1, and EC. PubMed:23407988

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Disease Ontology (DO)
Alzheimer's disease

a(HBP:"CA4 field of hippocampus") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

The RD3+/4- (red) fraction was consistently higher in EC and CA1, which was serially followed by CA2, CA3, and CA4. This trend was reversed with the RD3-/4+ (green) fraction, which was consistently highest in CA4, which was serially followed by CA3, CA2, CA1, and EC. PubMed:23407988

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Disease Ontology (DO)
Alzheimer's disease

p(HBP:"Tau isoform D (383 aa)") isA p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"Tau isoform E (412 aa)") isA p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"Tau isoform F (441 aa)") isA p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"tubulin-binding repeat 1") partOf p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"tubulin-binding repeat 2") partOf p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"tubulin-binding repeat 3") partOf p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"tubulin-binding repeat 4") partOf p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(MGI:Dyrk1a) negativeCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Inhibition of Dyrk1A enhanced tau exon 10 inclusion, leading to an increase in 4R-tau/3R-tau ratio in differentiated-human neuronal progenitors and in the neonatal rat brains. Accompanied with overexpression of Dyrk1A, 3R-tau was increased and 4R-tau was decreased in the neonatal brains of Ts65Dn mice, a model of Down syndrome. PubMed:28775333

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease
MeSH
Down Syndrome

p(HBP:"phosphatase-activating domain") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Aggregation-induced increases in PAD exposure and oligomerization are common features among all tau isoforms. The extent of PAD exposure and oligomerization was larger for tau aggregates composed of 4-repeat isoforms compared with those made of 3-repeat isoforms. PubMed:27574109

Appears in Networks:

act(p(HGNC:SRSF2)) increases p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

We found that SIRT1 interacts with and deacetylates SC35, and inhibits SC35-promoted tau exon 10 inclusion. Substituting K52 residue of SC35 by arginine impairs the role of SC35 in tau exon 10 inclusion. These results suggest that SIRT1 may serve as a therapeutic target for tauopathy by regulating SC35-mediated tau exon 10 splicing. PubMed:29226865

Appears in Networks:

act(p(HGNC:TARDBP)) increases p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

We recently found that overexpression of TDP-43 enhances tau exon 10 inclusion and tau mRNA instability. Overexpression of PP1α and PP1γ, but not PP1β, suppressed TDP-43 phosphorylation at Ser403/404 and Ser409/410 and TDP-43-induced tau exon 10 inclusion. PubMed:29334120

Appears in Networks:

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Evidently, this argues for critical levels of protein tau-4R in the pathology of FTD and by exten- sion, in AD. PubMed:12428809

Appears in Networks:

path(MESH:"Frontotemporal Dementia") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Evidently, this argues for critical levels of protein tau-4R in the pathology of FTD and by exten- sion, in AD. PubMed:12428809

Appears in Networks:

p(HGNC:MAPT, var("p.Leu266Val")) decreases p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

However, there are also other mutations (such as ΔK280, L266V and G272V) that inhibit the inclusion of E10 and thus reduce the 4R-to-3R ratio PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

complex(a(GO:microtubule), p(HBP:"4R tau")) hasComponent p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

g(HGNC:MIR132) decreases p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

For instance, miR‑132, which is downregulated in PSP, reduces 4R tau expression in mouse neuroblastoma cells. PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

p(HGNC:FUS) decreases p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Indeed, knockdown of FUS increases the expression of the 2N and 4R tau isoforms, providing a possible link between frontotemporal lobar degeneration-FUS (FTLDFUS; a subtype of FTD characterized by FUS inclusions in neurons and glia) and FTLD-tau (a tauopathy). PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

p(HGNC:MAPT, var("p.Gly272Val")) decreases p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

However, there are also other mutations (such as ΔK280, L266V and G272V) that inhibit the inclusion of E10 and thus reduce the 4R-to-3R ratio PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

p(HGNC:MAPT, var("p.Lys280del")) decreases p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

However, there are also other mutations (such as ΔK280, L266V and G272V) that inhibit the inclusion of E10 and thus reduce the 4R-to-3R ratio PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

p(HGNC:SRSF2) increases p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Finally, inhibition of mitochondrial complex I (for example, using annonacin or MPP+ (1‑methyl‑4‑phenylpyridinium)) upregulates expression of the splicing factor SRSF2, thus promoting expression of 4R tau in human neurons. PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

path(HBP:"Corticobasal Degeneration") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Tauopathies can be classified into three groups on the basis of the tau isoforms found in the aggregates: 4R tauopathies (including PSP, CBD and AGD), 3R tauopathies (for example, PiD) and 3R+4R tauopathies (for example, AD) PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Tauopathies can be classified into three groups on the basis of the tau isoforms found in the aggregates: 4R tauopathies (including PSP, CBD and AGD), 3R tauopathies (for example, PiD) and 3R+4R tauopathies (for example, AD) PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

path(MESH:"Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"4R tau") View Subject | View Object

Tauopathies can be classified into three groups on the basis of the tau isoforms found in the aggregates: 4R tauopathies (including PSP, CBD and AGD), 3R tauopathies (for example, PiD) and 3R+4R tauopathies (for example, AD) PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

Out-Edges 27

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation path(HBP:"Corticobasal Degeneration") View Subject | View Object

On the other side, sarkosyl extracts from the filaments of PSP [129], corticobasal degeneration (CBD; [130]), argyrophilic grain disease (AgD; [131]), and some cases of FTDP-17, contain tau protein that separates as doublets of 64 and 69 kDa and are predominantly composed of tau isoforms with 4R (class II tauopathies), whereas sarkosyl extracts from filaments of Pick’s disease are characterized by the presence of pathological tau doublets of 60 and 64 kDa and contain mainly 3R tau isoforms (class III tauopathy). PubMed:26751493

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation path(HBP:"Argyrophilic Grain Disease") View Subject | View Object

On the other side, sarkosyl extracts from the filaments of PSP [129], corticobasal degeneration (CBD; [130]), argyrophilic grain disease (AgD; [131]), and some cases of FTDP-17, contain tau protein that separates as doublets of 64 and 69 kDa and are predominantly composed of tau isoforms with 4R (class II tauopathies), whereas sarkosyl extracts from filaments of Pick’s disease are characterized by the presence of pathological tau doublets of 60 and 64 kDa and contain mainly 3R tau isoforms (class III tauopathy). PubMed:26751493

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive") View Subject | View Object

On the other side, sarkosyl extracts from the filaments of PSP [129], corticobasal degeneration (CBD; [130]), argyrophilic grain disease (AgD; [131]), and some cases of FTDP-17, contain tau protein that separates as doublets of 64 and 69 kDa and are predominantly composed of tau isoforms with 4R (class II tauopathies), whereas sarkosyl extracts from filaments of Pick’s disease are characterized by the presence of pathological tau doublets of 60 and 64 kDa and contain mainly 3R tau isoforms (class III tauopathy). PubMed:26751493

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") isA p(HGNC:MAPT) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") partOf a(HBP:pretangles) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") partOf complex(GO:"neurofibrillary tangle") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:"CA4 field of hippocampus") View Subject | View Object

The RD3+/4- (red) fraction was consistently higher in EC and CA1, which was serially followed by CA2, CA3, and CA4. This trend was reversed with the RD3-/4+ (green) fraction, which was consistently highest in CA4, which was serially followed by CA3, CA2, CA1, and EC. PubMed:23407988

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Disease Ontology (DO)
Alzheimer's disease

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:"CA3 field of hippocampus") View Subject | View Object

The RD3+/4- (red) fraction was consistently higher in EC and CA1, which was serially followed by CA2, CA3, and CA4. This trend was reversed with the RD3-/4+ (green) fraction, which was consistently highest in CA4, which was serially followed by CA3, CA2, CA1, and EC. PubMed:23407988

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Disease Ontology (DO)
Alzheimer's disease

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:"CA2 field of hippocampus") View Subject | View Object

The RD3+/4- (red) fraction was consistently higher in EC and CA1, which was serially followed by CA2, CA3, and CA4. This trend was reversed with the RD3-/4+ (green) fraction, which was consistently highest in CA4, which was serially followed by CA3, CA2, CA1, and EC. PubMed:23407988

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Disease Ontology (DO)
Alzheimer's disease

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:"CA1 field of hippocampus") View Subject | View Object

The RD3+/4- (red) fraction was consistently higher in EC and CA1, which was serially followed by CA2, CA3, and CA4. This trend was reversed with the RD3-/4+ (green) fraction, which was consistently highest in CA4, which was serially followed by CA3, CA2, CA1, and EC. PubMed:23407988

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Disease Ontology (DO)
Alzheimer's disease

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:"Brodmann (1909) area 36") View Subject | View Object

The RD3+/4- (red) fraction was consistently higher in EC and CA1, which was serially followed by CA2, CA3, and CA4. This trend was reversed with the RD3-/4+ (green) fraction, which was consistently highest in CA4, which was serially followed by CA3, CA2, CA1, and EC. PubMed:23407988

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Disease Ontology (DO)
Alzheimer's disease

p(HBP:"4R tau") partOf complex(GO:"neuronal cell body") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") partOf complex(GO:dendrite) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") partOf a(MESH:Neuropil) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") negativeCorrelation p(MGI:Dyrk1a) View Subject | View Object

Inhibition of Dyrk1A enhanced tau exon 10 inclusion, leading to an increase in 4R-tau/3R-tau ratio in differentiated-human neuronal progenitors and in the neonatal rat brains. Accompanied with overexpression of Dyrk1A, 3R-tau was increased and 4R-tau was decreased in the neonatal brains of Ts65Dn mice, a model of Down syndrome. PubMed:28775333

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease
MeSH
Down Syndrome

p(HBP:"4R tau") partOf path(HBP:"4R tauopathy") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation p(HBP:"phosphatase-activating domain") View Subject | View Object

Aggregation-induced increases in PAD exposure and oligomerization are common features among all tau isoforms. The extent of PAD exposure and oligomerization was larger for tau aggregates composed of 4-repeat isoforms compared with those made of 3-repeat isoforms. PubMed:27574109

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") increases path(MESH:"Wallerian Degeneration") View Subject | View Object

TSubsequently, Wallerian degeneration and severe muscle wasting and motoric problems demon- strated the extensive neurodegeneration caused by the overexpression of human tau protein in a gene- dosage fashion. PubMed:12428809

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") increases path(MESH:"Muscular Atrophy") View Subject | View Object

TSubsequently, Wallerian degeneration and severe muscle wasting and motoric problems demon- strated the extensive neurodegeneration caused by the overexpression of human tau protein in a gene- dosage fashion. PubMed:12428809

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") increases path(HP:Neurodegeneration) View Subject | View Object

TSubsequently, Wallerian degeneration and severe muscle wasting and motoric problems demon- strated the extensive neurodegeneration caused by the overexpression of human tau protein in a gene- dosage fashion. PubMed:12428809

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Frontotemporal Dementia") View Subject | View Object

Evidently, this argues for critical levels of protein tau-4R in the pathology of FTD and by exten- sion, in AD. PubMed:12428809

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

Evidently, this argues for critical levels of protein tau-4R in the pathology of FTD and by exten- sion, in AD. PubMed:12428809

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") hasVariant p(HBP:"4R tau", var("p.Lys280del")) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive") View Subject | View Object

Tauopathies can be classified into three groups on the basis of the tau isoforms found in the aggregates: 4R tauopathies (including PSP, CBD and AGD), 3R tauopathies (for example, PiD) and 3R+4R tauopathies (for example, AD) PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation path(HBP:"Corticobasal Degeneration") View Subject | View Object

Tauopathies can be classified into three groups on the basis of the tau isoforms found in the aggregates: 4R tauopathies (including PSP, CBD and AGD), 3R tauopathies (for example, PiD) and 3R+4R tauopathies (for example, AD) PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

Tauopathies can be classified into three groups on the basis of the tau isoforms found in the aggregates: 4R tauopathies (including PSP, CBD and AGD), 3R tauopathies (for example, PiD) and 3R+4R tauopathies (for example, AD) PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

p(HBP:"4R tau") directlyIncreases complex(a(GO:microtubule), p(HBP:"4R tau")) View Subject | View Object

Owing to the additional repeat domain R2, 4R tau shows higher affinity for microtubules than does 3R tau, and is therefore more efficient at promoting microtubule assembly PubMed:26631930

Appears in Networks:

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If you find BEL Commons useful in your work, please consider citing: Hoyt, C. T., Domingo-Fernández, D., & Hofmann-Apitius, M. (2018). BEL Commons: an environment for exploration and analysis of networks encoded in Biological Expression Language. Database, 2018(3), 1–11.