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PubMed: 30663117

Title
New insights into the role of microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in most common neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Journal of cellular biochemistry
Volume
120
Issue
None
Pages
8908-8918
Date
2019-06-01
Authors
Ahmadi-Ahangar A | Maniati M | Tehrani SS | Yousefi T | Maniati MS

Evidence fcfc9fa261
JSON

The accumulation of α‐synuclein gives rise to the formation of a nucleus for the accumulation of other proteins, which ultimately leads to the formation of Lewy bodies (within the dopamine secreting cells).

a(GO:"Lewy body", loc(MESH:"Dopaminergic Neurons")) positiveCorrelation p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

p(HGNC:SNCA) positiveCorrelation a(GO:"Lewy body", loc(MESH:"Dopaminergic Neurons")) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 1c0e120837
JSON

PD is a proteinopathy characterized by the misfolding and aggregation of α‐synuclein synucleinopathy, which leads to the destruction of dopaminergic neurons within substantia nigra pars compacta.

a(HBP:"alpha-synuclein aggregates") association path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

a(HBP:"alpha-synuclein aggregates") decreases a(MESH:"Dopaminergic Neurons") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Pars Compacta
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") association a(HBP:"alpha-synuclein aggregates") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence d4a30f4add
JSON

By linking to the 3′‐UTR sequence of Hsp70 mRNA, miR‐16‐1 configures Hsp70. Its increase reduces the Hsp70, which in turn boosts the aggregation of α‐synuclein protein, and this increases the incidence of PD.

a(HBP:"alpha-synuclein aggregates") increases path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

a(MESH:"HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins") decreases a(HBP:"alpha-synuclein aggregates") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

a(MESH:"HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins") negativeCorrelation g(NCBIGENE:406950) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

complex(a(MESH:"HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins"), g(NCBIGENE:406950)) regulates act(a(MESH:"HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins")) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(NCBIGENE:406950) negativeCorrelation a(MESH:"HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence cefc97f098
JSON

miR‐16‐1 is a case in point that has been seen in some patients with PD.It has been shown to decrease the expression of Hsp70 by increasing the aggregation of the α‐synuclein protein

a(HBP:"alpha-synuclein aggregates") negativeCorrelation a(MESH:"HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

a(MESH:"HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins") negativeCorrelation a(HBP:"alpha-synuclein aggregates") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(NCBIGENE:406950) association path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(NCBIGENE:406950) decreases a(MESH:"HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(NCBIGENE:406950) increases a(HBP:"alpha-synuclein aggregates") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") association g(NCBIGENE:406950) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence a6a000a0be
JSON

lncRNAs have been reported to cause apoptosis in the brain

a(MESH:"RNA, Long Noncoding") increases bp(GO:"apoptotic process") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Brain
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 906f1c3cb4
JSON

For example, EBF3‐AS is a lncRNA that increases significantly in the hippocampus of the mice whose neurons had undergone apoptosis (Figure 1)

bp(GO:"neuron death") increases g(MGI:Ebf3) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Hippocampus
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence ecce2a195b
JSON

This protein is commonly found in the presynaptic terminus and is a factor in the transmission of synaptic dopaminergic neurons.

bp(GO:"synaptic transmission, dopaminergic") association p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

p(HGNC:SNCA) association bp(GO:"synaptic transmission, dopaminergic") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 366564aa74
JSON

It is interesting to note that miR‐124 has a target sequence on BACE1 mRNA, and by binding to it, it inhibits mRNA.

complex(g(HGNC:"MIR124-1"), r(HGNC:BACE1)) decreases act(r(HGNC:BACE1)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 698da6cc20
JSON

Moreover, inhibition of miR‐124 significantly increases the level of BACE1 in neurons. On the other hand, its overexpression significantly suppresses the expression of BACE1.

g(HGNC:"MIR124-1") decreases p(HGNC:BACE1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Neurons
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence a0a80e6985
JSON

For instance, measuring lncRNA BACE1 within the cytoplasm of the patients showed that its level in patients with Alzheimer’s was significantly higher than that in the control group

r(HGNC:BACE1, loc(GO:cytoplasm)) positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") positiveCorrelation r(HGNC:BACE1, loc(GO:cytoplasm)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 16838b47b0
JSON

BACE1‐AS can increase the expression of BACE1 mRNA by increasing its stability, which gives rise to AD

r(HGNC:BACE1) increases path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

r(HGNC:"BACE1-AS") increases r(HGNC:BACE1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 9152008324
JSON

By attaching to the 3′‐UTR sequence, the miR‐153 reduces the expression of the APP

complex(g(HGNC:"MIR153-1"), r(HGNC:BACE1)) decreases p(HGNC:APP) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence f56d250248
JSON

Downregulation of miR‐153 increases the expression of APP and eventually, the production of β‐ameloid is promoted, increasing the risk of AD

g(HGNC:"MIR153-1") decreases p(HGNC:APP) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

g(HGNC:"MIR153-1") decreases a(CHEBI:"amyloid-beta") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

g(HGNC:"MIR153-1") association path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") association g(HGNC:"MIR153-1") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence fcd6495e9c
JSON

Two miRNAs that play an important role in regulating α‐synuclein expression are miR‐153 and miR‐7

g(HGNC:"MIR153-1") regulates p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:"MIR7-1") regulates p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence b61aed29e9
JSON

That is, in the event that miRNAs regulating α‐synuclein that reduce its accumulation (including miR‐153, miR‐7, miR‐132, and miR‐133‐b) are decreased, the progression of PD will be accelerated.

g(HGNC:"MIR153-1") regulates p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:"MIR153-1") decreases path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:"MIR7-1") regulates p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:"MIR7-1") decreases path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIR132) regulates p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIR132) decreases path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIR133B) decreases path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIR133B) regulates p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence d299b8e3c1
JSON

These two miRNAs downregulate the α‐synuclein by binding to the 3′‐UTR portion in the mRNA transcribed from SNCA.

complex(g(HGNC:"MIR153-1"), r(HGNC:SNCA)) decreases act(p(HGNC:SNCA)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

complex(g(HGNC:"MIR7-1"), r(HGNC:SNCA)) decreases act(p(HGNC:SNCA)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence c6fd69d304
JSON

In an experiment conducted to investigate this, pre‐miR‐34b and premiR‐ 34c were introduced into human dopaminergic SH‐SY5S cells and it was found that the amount of α‐synuclein protein had decreased significantly.

complex(g(HGNC:"MIR153-1"), r(HGNC:SNCA)) decreases p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO)
SH-SY5Y
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

complex(g(HGNC:"MIR7-1"), r(HGNC:SNCA)) decreases p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO)
SH-SY5Y
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 632f594fde
JSON

It has been shown that miR‐7 inhibition increases the expression of α‐synuclein

g(HGNC:"MIR7-1") decreases p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 29fbd79f07
JSON

The experiments conducted on SH‐SY5Y cells show that computational analyses on the miR‐15b binding site 3′‐UTR can be proven in practice, and miR‐15b expression can reduce BACE1 by binding to this sequence

complex(g(HGNC:MIR15B), r(HGNC:BACE1)) decreases p(HGNC:BACE1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO)
SH-SY5Y
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 914eb7dc47
JSON

For example, miR‐339‐5p, having two binding sites on BCAE1 mRNA, can downregulate the expression of the BACE1 protein

complex(g(HGNC:MIR339), r(HGNC:BACE1)) decreases p(HGNC:BACE1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence fb9b5200c2
JSON

In addition, miR‐34‐b and miR‐34‐c have been shown to experience a significant reduction in patients with Parkinson’s compared with controls, and this reduction is accompanied by a decrease in the expression of DJ‐1 protein

g(HGNC:MIR34B) increases p(HGNC:PARK7) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIR34C) increases p(HGNC:PARK7) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") decreases g(HGNC:MIR34B) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") decreases g(HGNC:MIR34C) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 41ae58079b
JSON

It was found that miR‐384, by binding to the 3′‐UTR sequence on BACE1 mRNA, could not only reduce expression in SH‐SY5Y cells but also attach to the 3′‐UTR sequence of the mRNA APP and reduce its expression, and this highlights the importance of miR‐384 in AD

complex(g(HGNC:MIR384), r(HGNC:APP)) decreases p(HGNC:APP) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO)
SH-SY5Y
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

g(HGNC:MIR384) association path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

complex(g(HGNC:MIR384), r(HGNC:BACE1)) decreases p(HGNC:BACE1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO)
SH-SY5Y
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") association g(HGNC:MIR384) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 2e11645097
JSON

On the other hand, miR‐101, by downregulating RanBP9, can indirectly reduce the production of APP

g(HGNC:"MIR101-1") decreases p(HGNC:APP) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

g(HGNC:"MIR101-1") decreases act(p(HGNC:RANBP9)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 5e031c3907
JSON

Besides, by directly affecting APP, miR‐101 can cause its downregulation, which ultimately provides the basis for AD

g(HGNC:"MIR101-1") decreases act(p(HGNC:APP)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

g(HGNC:"MIR101-1") association path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") association g(HGNC:"MIR101-1") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence dfc6298b55
JSON

Given the important role of miR‐101 in preventing AD, miR‐101 reduction can play a role in AD development

g(HGNC:"MIR101-1") decreases path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence cb59c33be2
JSON

As regards, the MAPKK2 pathway, miR‐9 has been shown to inhibit tangles neurofibrillary by inhibiting this pathway and to play an important role in preventing AD.

g(HGNC:"MIR9-1") decreases a(GO:"neurofibrillary tangle") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

g(HGNC:"MIR9-1") decreases act(p(HGNC:MAP2K2)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

g(HGNC:"MIR9-1") association path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

act(p(HGNC:MAP2K2)) increases a(GO:"neurofibrillary tangle") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") association g(HGNC:"MIR9-1") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence d29adc28a7
JSON

miR‐132 is another miRNA that has a regulatory effect on α‐synuclein. The downregulation of this miRNA results in the accumulation of α‐synuclein protein

g(HGNC:MIR132) regulates p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIR132) decreases p(HGNC:SNCA) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence da45a780a5
JSON

However, this is part of the role that miR‐132 plays in the regulation of PD.

g(HGNC:MIR132) association path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") association g(HGNC:MIR132) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence aa132fe494
JSON

In fact, by directly affecting the expression of Nurr1, this miRNA can play a significant role in the development of PD

g(HGNC:MIR132) association p(HGNC:NR4A2) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

p(HGNC:NR4A2) association g(HGNC:MIR132) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 37f492fadb
JSON

Let‐7 and miR‐184 have an inhibitory effect on the performance and expression of two transcription factors, namely E2F1 and DP

g(HGNC:MIR184) decreases p(HGNC:E2F1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIR184) decreases act(p(HGNC:E2F1)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIR184) decreases p(HGNC:TFDP1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIR184) decreases act(p(HGNC:TFDP1)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIRLET7A1) decreases p(HGNC:E2F1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIRLET7A1) decreases act(p(HGNC:E2F1)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIRLET7A1) decreases p(HGNC:TFDP1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

g(HGNC:MIRLET7A1) decreases act(p(HGNC:TFDP1)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 428d7a31f5
JSON

A case in point is miR‐196a that affects HD

g(HGNC:MIR196A1) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association g(HGNC:MIR196A1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

Evidence 12f6288e84
JSON

It has also been shown that miR‐205 can regulate LRRK2 and that PD is associated with a significant reduction in the level of miR‐205 in the frontal cortex and striatum

g(HGNC:MIR205) regulates p(HGNC:LRRK2) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") decreases g(HGNC:MIR205) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Corpus Striatum
MeSH
Frontal Lobe
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 3ea0dde8ad
JSON

Expression of miR‐205 affects the level of LRRK2 expression, and LRRK2, in turn, affects two miRNAs called let‐7 and miR‐184. This effect is associated with decreased activity and level of let‐7 and miR‐184 within the cell

g(HGNC:MIR205) regulates p(HGNC:LRRK2) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

p(HGNC:LRRK2) decreases g(HGNC:MIRLET7A1) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

p(HGNC:LRRK2) decreases act(g(HGNC:MIRLET7A1)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

p(HGNC:LRRK2) decreases g(HGNC:MIR184) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

p(HGNC:LRRK2) decreases act(g(HGNC:MIR184)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 5e90a33ee5
JSON

Also, a significant relationship has been found between the number of copies of CAG and some miRNAs in the striatum and cortex of mice with Huntington. These miRNAs include miR‐206, miR‐301b, miR‐92b, miR‐378b, miR‐208b, and miR‐449a.

g(HGNC:MIR206) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

g(HGNC:MIR208B) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

g(HGNC:MIR301B) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

g(HGNC:MIR378B) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

g(HGNC:MIR449A) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

g(HGNC:MIR92B) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association g(HGNC:MIR206) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association g(HGNC:MIR301B) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association g(HGNC:MIR92B) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association g(HGNC:MIR378B) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association g(HGNC:MIR208B) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association g(HGNC:MIR449A) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

Evidence 7712f67b82
JSON

For example, miR‐22 with its neuroprotective function prevents the death of neurons by apoptosis.

g(HGNC:MIR22) decreases bp(GO:"neuron death") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

Evidence 842aa8118d
JSON

Activation of the CAMMK2 pathway has been shown to cause tau proteins to be phosphorylated

act(p(HGNC:CAMKK2), ma(kin)) increases p(HGNC:MAPT, pmod(Ph)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 3f60b9940a
JSON

By activating the CAMMK2 pathway, the β‐ameloid can aid in the phosphorylation of tau proteins and eventually trigger tangles neurofibrillary.

act(p(HGNC:CAMKK2), ma(kin)) increases p(HGNC:MAPT, pmod(Ph)) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

p(HGNC:CAMKK2) increases act(a(CHEBI:"amyloid-beta")) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

p(HGNC:MAPT, pmod(Ph)) increases a(GO:"neurofibrillary tangle") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 97f795cb3e
JSON

This disease is inherited by autosomal dominant alleles due to a mutation in the huntingtin gene (HTT).

p(HGNC:HTT, var("?")) increases path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Huntington Disease

Evidence ac5c55addb
JSON

One of the most important proteins involved in PD is the LRRK2 protein

p(HGNC:LRRK2) association path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") association p(HGNC:LRRK2) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 52dbed300a
JSON

The expression of LRRK2 mutants can cause apoptosis of neuronal and neuroblastoma cells

p(HGNC:LRRK2, var("?")) increases bp(GO:"neuron death") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 6a48f9503a
JSON

One of the most important mutations in LRRK2 is the Gly2019- Ser mutant, the most common cause of familial PD.

p(HGNC:LRRK2, var("p.Gly2019Ser")) increases path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 33a5c2ea5b
JSON

The PARK 7 gene on chromosome 1 is responsible for coding the DJ‐1 protein. This protein acts as chaperon in the neurons, thus preventing the aggregation of the α‐synuclein protein

p(HGNC:PARK7) decreases a(HBP:"alpha-synuclein aggregates") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Neurons
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 7ce79cd310
JSON

It also inhibits apoptosis and prevents the death of neuron

p(HGNC:PARK7) decreases bp(GO:"apoptotic process") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

p(HGNC:PARK7) decreases bp(GO:"neuron death") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 21fc54c045
JSON

One of these factors is Ran‐binding protein 9 (RanBP9) that can increase the amount of APP in the cell by its effects

p(HGNC:RANBP9) increases p(HGNC:APP) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

Evidence f26aca1d11
JSON

The mutation in the SNCA gene causes PD.

p(HGNC:SNCA, var("?")) increases path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Parkinson Disease

Evidence 0eec7b8d5e
JSON

BACE1‐AS is transcribed by opposite strand BACE1. Its upregulation in patients with Alzheimer’s can be used as a new biomarker for the diagnosis of this disease.

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") positiveCorrelation r(HGNC:"BACE1-AS") View Subject | View Object

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MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

r(HGNC:"BACE1-AS") biomarkerFor path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

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Alzheimer Disease

r(HGNC:"BACE1-AS") positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

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Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 7dbafa0deb
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Comparing miR‐9 in patients with AD against healthy individuals shows a significant decrease of miR‐9 in patients with AD

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") decreases g(HGNC:"MIR9-1") View Subject | View Object

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Alzheimer Disease

Evidence 5d6d12c44d
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Dysphagia, dysphasia, and seizures are common symptoms in HD

path(MESH:"Deglutition Disorders") association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association path(MESH:"Deglutition Disorders") View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association path(MESH:Aphasia) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association path(MESH:Seizures) View Subject | View Object

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MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:Aphasia) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

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MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:Seizures) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

Evidence 98049138ac
JSON

HD is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by an insidious onset and subsequent progression of chorea and dementia, which usually presents at the ages of 30 to 50, and its symptoms increase with age.

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association path(MESH:Chorea) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") association path(MESH:Dementia) View Subject | View Object

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MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:Chorea) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

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MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:Dementia) association path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

Evidence 8c04423baa
JSON

Currently, miR‐10b‐5p, miR‐196a‐5p, miR‐196b‐ 5p, miR‐615‐3p, and miR‐1247‐5p increase in HD, and studies have shown that miR‐196a‐5p, miR‐196b‐5p, and miR‐615‐3p have been almost zero in the control group

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") increases g(HGNC:MIR196A1) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") increases g(MIRBASE:"hsa-mir-10b") View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") increases g(HGNC:MIR196B) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") increases g(HGNC:MIR615) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") increases g(HGNC:MIR1247) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

Evidence 83641f43be
JSON

These experiments show that in apes, miR‐128a levels at birth and during the disease (either in the presymptomatic or postsymptomatic stage) show a significant reduction of this miRNA

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") decreases g(NCBIGENE:406915) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

Evidence 0d537d58c7
JSON

In 12‐month‐old HD transgenic mice, downregulation was observed in the expression of the following miRNAs: miR‐ 22, miR‐29c, miR‐128, miR‐132, miR‐138, miR‐218, miR‐ 222, miR‐344, and miR‐674

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") decreases g(MGI:Mir22) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") decreases g(MGI:Mir29c) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") decreases g(MGI:"Mir128-1") View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") decreases g(MGI:Mir132) View Subject | View Object

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MeSH
Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") decreases g(MGI:"Mir138-1") View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") decreases g(MGI:"Mir218-1") View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") decreases g(MGI:Mir222) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") decreases g(NCBIGENE:723931) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

path(MESH:"Huntington Disease") decreases g(NCBIGENE:732489) View Subject | View Object

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Huntington Disease

Evidence 14d4aecf53
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It has been shown that DJ‐1 protein levels in patients with PD are significantly lower compared with the healthy subjects

path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") decreases p(HGNC:PARK7) View Subject | View Object

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Parkinson Disease

Evidence d9ce92648a
JSON

It has also been shown that miR‐494 in patients with PD increases significantly in comparison with healthy subjects.

path(MESH:"Parkinson Disease") increases g(HGNC:MIR494) View Subject | View Object

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Parkinson Disease

Evidence 79910d9740
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It has been reported that downregulation of BACE1‐AS reduces the amount of β‐ameloid and plaques

r(HGNC:"BACE1-AS") increases a(CHEBI:"amyloid-beta") View Subject | View Object

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Alzheimer Disease

r(HGNC:"BACE1-AS") increases path(MESH:"Plaque, Amyloid") View Subject | View Object

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MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

About

BEL Commons is developed and maintained in an academic capacity by Charles Tapley Hoyt and Daniel Domingo-Fernández at the Fraunhofer SCAI Department of Bioinformatics with support from the IMI project, AETIONOMY. It is built on top of PyBEL, an open source project. Please feel free to contact us here to give us feedback or report any issues. Also, see our Publishing Notes and Data Protection information.

If you find BEL Commons useful in your work, please consider citing: Hoyt, C. T., Domingo-Fernández, D., & Hofmann-Apitius, M. (2018). BEL Commons: an environment for exploration and analysis of networks encoded in Biological Expression Language. Database, 2018(3), 1–11.