Provenance

Upload
charles.hoyt@scai.fraunhofer.de at 2019-02-27 16:16:39.931444
Authors
Rana Aldisi
Contact
rana.al.disi@scai.fraunhofer.de
License
CC BY 4.0
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 Fraunhofer Institute SCAI, All rights reserved
Number Nodes
40
Number Edges
80
Number Components
1
Network Density
0.0512820512820513
Average Degree
2.0
Number Citations
1
Number BEL Errors
0

Content Statistics

Network Overlap

The node-based overlap between this network and other networks is calculated as the Szymkiewicz-Simpson coefficient of their respective nodes. Up to the top 10 are shown below.

Network Overlap
Cholinergic system during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease: therapeutic implications v1.0.0 25%
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signalling: roles in Alzheimer's disease and amyloid neuroprotection. v1.0.0 15%
Alzheimer's Disease: Targeting the Cholinergic System v1.0.0 12%
Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Structure and Function and Response to Nicotine v1.0.1 12%
Nicotinic receptors: allosteric transitions and therapeutic targets in the nervous system v1.0.0 10%
albuquerque2009 v1.0.0 10%
B-973, a novel piperazine positive allosteric modulator of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor v1.0.0 8%
Structural and functional properties of prefibrillar α-synuclein oligomers v1.0.0 8%
Role of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in Alzheimer's disease pathology and treatment v1.0.1 8%
Neural Systems Governed by Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors: Emerging Hypotheses v1.0.0 8%

Sample Edges

a(CHEBI:"NMDA receptor antagonist") association bp(GO:"GO:0035249") View Subject | View Object

ChEIs are believed to target cholinergic abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease, although there is evidence indicating that their therapeutic effect may be via the glutamatergic system. NMDA receptor antagonists, in contrast, are believed to target the glutamatergic system directly PubMed:16273023

a(CHEBI:"NMDA receptor antagonist") decreases act(a(MESH:D009474)) View Subject | View Object

With regard to the glutamatergic system, studies suggest that ChEIs may stimulate the release of glutamate from pyramidal neurons during normal neuronal activity, while NMDA receptor antagonists are believed to block the abnormal neuronal activity that results from the presence of excess glutamate in the synapse under resting conditions. Thus, ChEIs and NMDA receptor antagonists appear to have complementary effects, as the former enhance the signals received by postsynaptic neurons during normal neurotransmission, and the latter diminish the background 'noise' that is constantly being detected by those same receptors. PubMed:16273023

Annotations
Cell Ontology (CL)
pyramidal neuron

a(CHEBI:"glutamate(1-)") association path(MESH:D013850) View Subject | View Object

The capacity for thinking and remembering is derived from various input and output pathways between the hippocampus and the neocortex,9 and all such pathways rely on signaling mediated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. PubMed:16273023

a(CHEBI:"glutamate(1-)") association path(MESH:D008568) View Subject | View Object

The capacity for thinking and remembering is derived from various input and output pathways between the hippocampus and the neocortex,9 and all such pathways rely on signaling mediated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. PubMed:16273023

a(CHEBI:"glutamate(2-)") directlyIncreases bp(GO:"GO:0014047") View Subject | View Object

In healthy individuals, the glutamatergic neurotransmission cycle begins in the mitochondria of hippocampal neurons, where the enzyme glutaminase catalyzes the conversion of glutamine to glutamate. Next, the vesicular glutamate transporter molecule mediates the packaging of these glutamate molecules into vesicles. Glutamate-containing vesicles are then released from the neuron, resulting in elevated synaptic concentrations of free glutamate, which can transmit neural signals by interacting with glutamatergic receptors on postsynaptic neurons PubMed:16273023

Annotations
MeSH
Mitochondria
Cell Ontology (CL)
hippocampal neuron
MeSH
Hippocampus

Sample Nodes

a(CHEBI:"calcium(2+)")

In-Edges: 56 | Out-Edges: 30 | Explore Neighborhood | Download JSON

a(CHEBI:acetylcholine)

In-Edges: 64 | Out-Edges: 36 | Classes: 1 | Explore Neighborhood | Download JSON

p(HGNC:CHAT)

In-Edges: 16 | Out-Edges: 12 | Explore Neighborhood | Download JSON

a(CHEBI:"NMDA receptor antagonist")

In-Edges: 3 | Out-Edges: 3 | Children: 1 | Explore Neighborhood | Download JSON

About

BEL Commons is developed and maintained in an academic capacity by Charles Tapley Hoyt and Daniel Domingo-Fernández at the Fraunhofer SCAI Department of Bioinformatics with support from the IMI project, AETIONOMY. It is built on top of PyBEL, an open source project. Please feel free to contact us here to give us feedback or report any issues. Also, see our Publishing Notes and Data Protection information.

If you find BEL Commons useful in your work, please consider citing: Hoyt, C. T., Domingo-Fernández, D., & Hofmann-Apitius, M. (2018). BEL Commons: an environment for exploration and analysis of networks encoded in Biological Expression Language. Database, 2018(3), 1–11.