path(MESH:Hallucinations)

Entity

Name

Hallucinations

Namespace

mesh

Namespace Version

20181007

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https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pharmacome/terminology/8ccfed235e418e4c8aa576f9a5ef0f838e794c7f/external/mesh-names.belns

This file encodes the article Activation of M1 and M4 muscarinic receptors as potential treatments for Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia by Choi et al, 2014

This document contains the curation of the review article Nicotinic receptors: allosteric transitions and therapeutic targets in the nervous system by Taly et al. 2009

Of these, the M1/M4 -preferring agonist xanomeline was the only one to progress to a phase III clinical trial, where it was assessed for efficacy in ameliorating cognitive deficits observed in AD patients. While xanomeline showed a trend toward improving cognitive function in these patients, this effect did not reach statistical significance. However, this agonist did produce surprisingly robust and dose-dependent reductions in hallucinations, delusions, vocal outbursts, and other behavioral disturbances in these patients PubMed:24511233

Psychosis is the hallmark symptom of SZ and manifests as hallucinations, disordered thought/speech, and delusions. While these psychotic symptoms are commonly associated with SZ, it has become well documented that these patients also experience cognitive and behavioral disturbances that are not adequately addressed by currently prescribed typical and atypical psychotics. PubMed:24511233

In a large-scale placebo-controlled clinical trial, it was demonstrated that xanomeline, a muscarinic agonist with reasonable selectivity for M1/M4 receptors, exhibits a positive effect in minimizing, in a dose-dependent manner, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms in AD, including memory deficit, mood disturbance, agitation and hallucinations PubMed:26813123

in addition to the obvious symptoms of hallucinations and delusions, patients with schizophrenia frequently suffer from cognitive symptoms, such as the inability to focus attention173. PubMed:19721446

As detailed in the following paragraph, METH exerts disruptive effects on DA neurotransmission, which translate into abnormal stimulation of post-synaptic DA receptors, mainly D1-type DA receptors (D1R), thus leading to non-canonical signaling cascades sustaining behavioral alterations that overlap with schizophrenia-like symptoms (i.e., visual and auditory hallucinations and delusions) PubMed:30061532

A few months later, another transcriptomic study reported a BA 22-specific down-regulation in several autophagy-related genes, thus strengthening the link between impaired autophagy and schizophrenia positive symptoms PubMed:30061532

As detailed in the following paragraph, METH exerts disruptive effects on DA neurotransmission, which translate into abnormal stimulation of post-synaptic DA receptors, mainly D1-type DA receptors (D1R), thus leading to non-canonical signaling cascades sustaining behavioral alterations that overlap with schizophrenia-like symptoms (i.e., visual and auditory hallucinations and delusions) PubMed:30061532

Psychosis is the hallmark symptom of SZ and manifests as hallucinations, disordered thought/speech, and delusions. While these psychotic symptoms are commonly associated with SZ, it has become well documented that these patients also experience cognitive and behavioral disturbances that are not adequately addressed by currently prescribed typical and atypical psychotics. PubMed:24511233

The hallmark psychotic symptoms of SZ are the positive cluster and include auditory hallucinations, delusional beliefs, and disorganized thoughts and speech. SZ patients also exhibit negative symptoms, including anhedonia, dysfunctional social interactions, and poverty of thoughts and speech, as well as cognitive disturbances affecting several behavioral domains, including working memory, attention, and executive function PubMed:24511233

in addition to the obvious symptoms of hallucinations and delusions, patients with schizophrenia frequently suffer from cognitive symptoms, such as the inability to focus attention173. PubMed:19721446

As detailed in the following paragraph, METH exerts disruptive effects on DA neurotransmission, which translate into abnormal stimulation of post-synaptic DA receptors, mainly D1-type DA receptors (D1R), thus leading to non-canonical signaling cascades sustaining behavioral alterations that overlap with schizophrenia-like symptoms (i.e., visual and auditory hallucinations and delusions) PubMed:30061532

A few months later, another transcriptomic study reported a BA 22-specific down-regulation in several autophagy-related genes, thus strengthening the link between impaired autophagy and schizophrenia positive symptoms PubMed:30061532