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This file encodes the article Activation of M1 and M4 muscarinic receptors as potential treatments for Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia by Choi et al, 2014

This file encodes the article M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in Alzheimer’s disease by Jiang et al, 2014

Unfortunately, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects are often observed with these treatments, effects thought to be mediated by peripherally located ACh receptors. Despite this, AChEIs remain modestly beneficial for treating AD and other forms of dementia. PubMed:24511233

In addition, xanomeline produced statistically significant improvements in verbal learning and short-term memory, indicating efficacy in treating cognitive symptoms.40 Unfortunately, gastrointestinal side effects were observed, and dose limitations have removed it from consideration for long-term clinical use. PubMed:24511233

Members of the mAChR family are widely expressed in various regions in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the peripheral system. They play crucial roles in diverse physiological processes such as memory, attention, nociception, motor control, sleep-wake cycles, and cardiovascular, renal, and gastrointestinal functions PubMed:24590577

Unfortunately, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects are often observed with these treatments, effects thought to be mediated by peripherally located ACh receptors. Despite this, AChEIs remain modestly beneficial for treating AD and other forms of dementia. PubMed:24511233

In addition, xanomeline produced statistically significant improvements in verbal learning and short-term memory, indicating efficacy in treating cognitive symptoms.40 Unfortunately, gastrointestinal side effects were observed, and dose limitations have removed it from consideration for long-term clinical use. PubMed:24511233

Members of the mAChR family are widely expressed in various regions in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the peripheral system. They play crucial roles in diverse physiological processes such as memory, attention, nociception, motor control, sleep-wake cycles, and cardiovascular, renal, and gastrointestinal functions PubMed:24590577

By measuring Aβ levels in superior vena cava and inferior vena cava, it is clear thatAβ levels are getting lower and lower along the direction of the vein blood flow, and the contents of Aβ40 and total Aβ in artery are significantly less than those in vein, suggesting a part of Aβ40 and total Aβ can be cleared by peripheral organs and tissues, such as the liver, kidney, skin, and the gastrointestinal tract, although there is no change in Aβ42 concentrations (Xiang et al. 2015) PubMed:29626319

By measuring Aβ levels in superior vena cava and inferior vena cava, it is clear thatAβ levels are getting lower and lower along the direction of the vein blood flow, and the contents of Aβ40 and total Aβ in artery are significantly less than those in vein, suggesting a part of Aβ40 and total Aβ can be cleared by peripheral organs and tissues, such as the liver, kidney, skin, and the gastrointestinal tract, although there is no change in Aβ42 concentrations (Xiang et al. 2015) PubMed:29626319

By measuring Aβ levels in superior vena cava and inferior vena cava, it is clear thatAβ levels are getting lower and lower along the direction of the vein blood flow, and the contents of Aβ40 and total Aβ in artery are significantly less than those in vein, suggesting a part of Aβ40 and total Aβ can be cleared by peripheral organs and tissues, such as the liver, kidney, skin, and the gastrointestinal tract, although there is no change in Aβ42 concentrations (Xiang et al. 2015) PubMed:29626319